GrammarBook: Irregular causative Verbs: する → させる / くる → こさせる
N4-G-075 Irregular causative Verbs: する → させる / くる → こさせる Supporting / Expressing Compulsion & Permission 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary The Causative Form (使役形 – しえきけい) expresses...
GrammarBook: Group 2 causative (る-verbs): Remove る + させる
N4-G-074 Group 2 causative (る-verbs): Remove る + させる Supporting / Expressing Compulsion & Permission 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary The Causative Form (使役形 – しえきけい) expresses making someone...
GrammarBook: Group 1 causative (う-verbs): Change u → a + せる
N4-G-073 Group 1 causative (う-verbs): Change u → a + せる Supporting / Expressing Compulsion & Permission 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary The Causative Form (使役形 – しえきけい) expresses...
GrammarBook: Noun + の ようです (It seems [Noun])
N4-G-072 Noun + の ようです (It seems [Noun]) Core / Conjectural & Observation-based Supposition 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a Noun to ようです using the...
GrammarBook: な-adjective + な ようです (It seems [Na-adjective])
N4-G-071 な-adjective + な ようです (It seems [Na-adjective]) Core / Conjectural & Observation-based Supposition 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a な-adjective to ようです by attaching...
GrammarBook: い-adjective + ようです (It seems [I-adjective])
N4-G-070 い-adjective + ようです (It seems [I-adjective]) Core / Conjectural & Observation-based Supposition 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects an い-adjective in its Plain Form directly...
GrammarBook: Verb (plain form) + ようです (It seems/appears that [Verb])
N4-G-069 Verb (plain form) + ようです (It seems/appears that [Verb]) Core / Conjectural & Observation-based Supposition 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a verb in its...
GrammarBook: Plain form + とききました (I heard that [Plain form])
N4-G-068 Plain form + とききました (I heard that [Plain form]) Supporting / Hearsay & Reporting Information 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a clause in its...
GrammarBook: Noun + だ そうです (I heard that [Noun])
N4-G-067 Noun + だ そうです (I heard that [Noun]) Core / Hearsay & Reporting Information 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a Noun in its Plain...
GrammarBook: な-adjective + だ そうです (I heard that [Na-adjective])
N4-G-066 な-adjective + だ そうです (I heard that [Na-adjective]) Core / Hearsay & Reporting Information 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a な-adjective in its Plain...
GrammarBook: い-adjective + そうです (I heard that [I-adjective])
N4-G-065 い-adjective + そうです (I heard that [I-adjective]) Core / Hearsay & Reporting Information 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects an い-adjective in its Plain...
GrammarBook: Verb (plain form) + そうです (I heard that [Verb])
N4-G-064 Verb (plain form) + そうです (I heard that [Verb]) Core / Hearsay & Reporting Information 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects to the Plain Form...
GrammarBook: もしかしたら (Adverb: Perhaps / Possibly / Maybe)
N4-G-063 もしかしたら (Adverb: Perhaps / Possibly / Maybe) Supporting / Low Probability & Speculation 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary もしかしたら (moshikashitara) is an adverb used to express a slight...
GrammarBook: たぶん (Adverb: Probably / Perhaps)
N4-G-062 たぶん (Adverb: Probably / Perhaps) Core / Moderate Probability & Guesses 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary たぶん (tabun) is an adverb used to express moderate probability or an...
GrammarBook: きっと (Adverb: Surely / I’m sure that)
N4-G-061 きっと (Adverb: Surely / I’m sure that) Supporting / High Certainty & Encouragement 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary きっと (kitto) is an adverb used to express high certainty,...
GrammarBook: Verb た + ところです (Just finished doing [Verb])
N4-G-060 Verb た + ところです (Just finished doing [Verb]) Core / Completion of Action & Fresh Occurrence 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects to the Verb...
GrammarBook: Verb ている + ところです (In the middle of doing [Verb])
N4-G-059 Verb ている + ところです (In the middle of doing [Verb]) Core / Action in Progress & Ongoing Stage 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects to...
GrammarBook: Verb (dict. form) + ところです (About to do [Verb])
N4-G-058 Verb (dict. form) + ところです (About to do [Verb]) Core / Imminent Action & Point of Start 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects to the...
GrammarBook: Noun + の はずです (Should be / Expected to be [Noun])
N4-G-057 Noun + の はずです (Should be / Expected to be [Noun]) Core / Reasonable Expectation & Logical Certainty 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a...
GrammarBook: な-adjective + な はずです (Should be / Expected to be [Na-adj])
N4-G-056 な-adjective + な はずです (Should be / Expected to be [Na-adj]) Core / Reasonable Expectation & Logical Certainty 👀 Layer A: Visual Guide 📝 Quick Summary This grammar pattern connects a...