い-adjective + ばあいは (In the case of [I-adjective])

Supporting / Expressing Contingency & Conditions

👀 Layer A: Visual Guide

📝 Quick Summary

This grammar pattern connects an い-adjective in its Plain Form directly to ばあいは to set up a specific conditional scenario or contingency. It translates to “In the case that it is [adjective]…” or “In the event of [adjective]…” and is frequently used in official instructions, notices, and rules.

Structure: [い-adjective Plain Form] + ばあいは
Example 1: てんきがわるい ばあいは、ちゅうしです (In the event that the weather is bad, it is canceled).
Example 2: ぐあいがわるい ばあいは、せんせいにいってください (In case you feel unwell, please tell the teacher).

🔗 Connected Grammar:

🔍 Layer B: Deepening

💡 Raya’s Hack

All Short Forms Modifying BAAI!
Because baai (場合) acts as a noun meaning “case/situation”, い-adjectives modify it directly in any plain short form:

– Present Affirmative: 悪い場合 (warui baai – in case it is bad)
– Present Negative: 悪くない場合 (warukunai baai – in case it is not bad)
– Past Affirmative: 悪かった場合 (warukatta baai – in case it was bad)

You do not need to drop or change the trailing い (i) in the present tense—attach it directly!