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Grammar Book

GrammarBook N5: The Particle ใŒ (identifier/existence marker)

  • 30 Dec, 2025
  • Com 0
N5-G-008

ใŒ (Subject/Existence Marker)

Core / Particle

๐Ÿ‘€ Layer A: Visual Guide (็›ดๆ„Ÿ็†่งฃ)

๐Ÿ“ Quick Summary (ใพใจใ‚)

ใ€ŒใŒใ€ใฏใ€ๅ‹•ไฝœ(ใฉใ†ใ•)ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใ‚„ใ€ใใ“ใซๅญ˜ๅœจ(ใใ‚“ใ–ใ„)ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใƒ”ใƒณใƒใ‚คใƒณใƒˆใงๆŒ‡(ใ•)ใ™่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ่ชฐใŒ๏ผŸใ€ใ€Œไฝ•ใŒ๏ผŸใ€ใ‚’ใฏใฃใใ‚Šใ•ใ›ใพใ™ใ€‚
“GA” identifies the Subject specifically. It marks WHO is doing the action or WHAT exists.

ใ€ŒใŒใ€ (GA) = Subject Marker / Identifier Pin.
Structure = [Subject] ใŒ [Verb/Adjective].

๐Ÿ” Layer B: Deepening (ๆทฑๆŽ˜ใ‚Š)

๐Ÿ’ก Raya’s Hack (ๆ”ป็•ฅๆณ•)

ใ€Œ่ชฐ(ใ ใ‚Œ)ใŒใ€ใ€Œไฝ•(ใชใซ)ใŒใ€ใจ่ž(ใ)ใ‹ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰ใ€ๅฟ…(ใ‹ใชใ‚‰)ใšใ€ŒใŒใ€ใง็ญ”(ใ“ใŸ)ใˆใ‚ˆใ†๏ผๆ–ฐ(ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰)ใ—ใ„ๆƒ…ๅ ฑ(ใ˜ใ‚‡ใ†ใปใ†)ใซใฏใ€ŒใŒใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟ(ใคใ‹)ใ†ใฎใŒใƒซใƒผใƒซใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚

If asked “Who?” or “What?”, you MUST answer with “GA”! Use “GA” when introducing new information.

๐Ÿšง Joy’s Mistake (ใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„)

Scene: Seeing a cat for the first time.

Joy: ใ€Œใ‚๏ผ ็Œซ(ใญใ“) ใฏ ใ„ใพใ™๏ผใ€
(Ah! Neko wa imasu!)

โŒ Wrong!

Why?

ใ€Œใ„ใ‚‹ใƒปใ‚ใ‚‹๏ผˆๅญ˜ๅœจ๏ผ‰ใ€ใฎๅ‰ใฏใ€ๆ™ฎ้€š(ใตใคใ†)ใ€ŒใŒใ€ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ็ŒซใŒใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใŒ่‡ช็„ถใงใ™ใ€‚

For existence (imasu/arimasu), we usually use “GA”. “Neko ga imasu” is the natural way to say “There is a cat”.

๐Ÿ”ฅ Layer C: Practice Loop

Now itโ€™s time to test your learning through the next 10 practice drills!

Level 1: Basic

Q1. Neko ___ imasu. (There is a cat.)
็ญ”ใˆ: ga (ใŒ)

(Neko ga imasu.)

Q2. Pen ___ arimasu. (There is a pen.)
็ญ”ใˆ: ga (ใŒ)

(Pen ga arimasu.)

Q3. Dare ___ kimasu ka. (Who is coming?)
็ญ”ใˆ: ga (ใŒ)

(Dare ga kimasu ka?)

Q4. Ame ___ furimasu. (It rains / Rain falls.)
็ญ”ใˆ: ga (ใŒ)

(Ame ga furimasu.)

Q5. Ken-san ___ imasu. (Ken is there.)
็ญ”ใˆ: ga (ใŒ)

(Ken-san ga imasu.)

Level 2: Advanced

Q6. ่ชฐ(ใ ใ‚Œ) ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ้ฃŸในใพใ™ใ‹ใ€‚(Who will eat?)
็ญ”ใˆ: ใŒ (ga)

(Dare ga tabemasu ka?)

Q7. (New Info) ใ‚ใ€ใƒใ‚น ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ๆฅ(ใ)ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚(Ah, the bus came!)
็ญ”ใˆ: ใŒ (ga)

(Basu ga kimashita. *Noticing something new*)

Q8. ็ง(ใ‚ใŸใ—)ใฎ ้ƒจๅฑ‹(ใธใ‚„)ใซ ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“ ๏ผฟ๏ผฟ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚(There is a TV in my room.)
็ญ”ใˆ: ใŒ (ga)

(…terebi ga arimasu.)

Q9. Translate: “Who is Ken?”
็ญ”ใˆ: ่ชฐ(ใ ใ‚Œ) ใŒ ใ‚ฑใƒณใ•ใ‚“ ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚

(Dare ga Ken-san desu ka?)

Q10. Translate: “I will go.” (Emphasizing *I* am the one who will go)
็ญ”ใˆ: ็ง(ใ‚ใŸใ—) ใŒ ่กŒ(ใ„)ใใพใ™ใ€‚

(Watashi ga ikimasu.)

Related posts:

GrammarBook N5 : AใฏBใงใ™ (A is B) GrammarBook N5:๏ฝžใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ (A is not B – [Negative]) GrammarBook N5: ๏ฝžใงใ™ใ‹ (The Question particle) GrammarBook N5: The Particle ใฏ (topic marker)
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