この・その・あの・どの + Noun
Core / Specifying
👀 Layer A: Visual Guide (直感理解)
📝 Quick Summary (まとめ)
「この・その・あの」は、必(かなら)ず名詞(めいし)とセットで使います。指(ゆび)で具体的(ぐたいてき)なモノを指(さ)すイメージです。
“Kono/Sono/Ano” must ALWAYS be followed by a Noun. They act like a pointing finger specifying “Which one”.
この (KONO) + Noun = This [Noun] (Near me)
その (SONO) + Noun = That [Noun] (Near you)
あの (ANO) + Noun = That [Noun] over there (Far)
どの (DONO) + Noun = Which [Noun]?
🔍 Layer B: Deepening (深掘り)
💡 Raya’s Hack (攻略法)
「これ」は一匹狼(いっぴきおおかみ)だけど、「この」は寂(さび)しがり屋だよ！必ず後ろにパートナー（名詞）が必要(ひつよう)って覚(おぼ)えてね。
“Kore” is a lone wolf, but “Kono” gets lonely! Remember that “Kono” always NEEDS a partner (Noun) right after it.
🚧 Joy’s Mistake (よくある間違い)
Scene: Joy pointing at a delicious cake.
Joy: 「この は おいしいです！」
(Kono wa oishii desu!)
❌ Wrong!
Why?
「この」だけでは使えません。「このケーキ」と言いましょう。
（〇 これ は おいしいです / 〇 この ケーキ は おいしいです）
You cannot use “Kono” alone. You must say “Kono cake”. (Or use “Kore” if you want to use it alone).
🔥 Layer C: Practice Loop
Now it’s time to test your learning through the next 10 practice drills!
Level 1: 基礎ドリル (Basic)
Q1. Kono ___ wa watashi no desu. (This book)
(This book is mine.)
Q2. Sono ___ wa ikura desu ka. (That bag)
(How much is that bag?)
Q3. Ano ___ wa dare desu ka. (That person over there)
(Who is that person over there?)
Q4. ___ pen wa anata no desu ka. (Which pen)
(Which pen is yours?)
Q5. Kono ___ wa oishii desu. (This cake)
(This cake is delicious.)
Level 2: 応用ドリル (Advanced)
Q6. ＿＿ ペンは 私の です。(This pen)
(Kono pen wa watashi no desu.)
Q7. ＿＿ 車(くるま)は 誰(だれ)の ですか。(That car over there)
(Ano kuruma wa dare no desu ka.)
Q8. 田中(たなか)さんの 傘(かさ)は ＿＿ ですか。(Which one?)
(Tanaka-san no kasa wa dore desu ka? *Note: Since we are asking “Which one”, Dore is safer. If specifying “Which umbrella”, use Dono kasa.)
Q9. Translate: “That bag is mine.” (Referring to bag held by listener)
(Sono kaban wa watashi no desu.)
Q10. Translate: “Which person is the teacher?” (Hito / Sensei)
(Dono hito ga sensei desu ka?)
