Verb Groups (U / Ru / Irregular)
Core / Verbs
๐ Layer A: Visual Guide (็ดๆ็่งฃ)
๐ Quick Summary (ใพใจใ)
ๆฅๆฌ่ชใฎๅ่ฉ(ใฉใใ)ใฏ3ใคใฎใใผใ ใซๅใใใพใใใใใ็ฅใใชใใจใใใพใๅฝข(ใใ)ใใไฝใใพใใ๏ผ
Japanese verbs are divided into 3 Groups. This determines how they conjugate into “Masu-form”.
- G1 (U-Verbs): End in u, ku, su, tsu, nu, bu, mu, ru. (Requires change: u โ i).
- G2 (Ru-Verbs): End in -iru or -eru. (Drop ‘ru’, add ‘masu’).
- G3 (Irregular): Only two! “Suru” and “Kuru”.
๐ Layer B: Deepening (ๆทฑๆใ)
๐ก Raya’s Hack (ๆป็ฅๆณ)
ใใ (ru)ใใง ็ต(ใ)ใใ ๅ่ฉ(ใฉใใ)ใฎใๅ(ใพใ)ใฎ ้ณ(ใใจ)ใ ่ฆ(ใฟ)ใฆ๏ผ
ใใค(i)ใใใใจ(e)ใใฎ ๆฎต(ใ ใ)ใชใใฐใซใผใ2๏ผใใฎใพใพใซใใ๏ผ๏ผ
ใใข(a)ใปใฆ(u)ใปใช(o)ใใชใใฐใซใผใ1๏ผๅคๅ(ใธใใ)ใใ๏ผใ ใ๏ผ
Look at the sound BEFORE “ru”. If it’s an “i” or “e” sound (Tabe-ru, Mi-ru), it’s usually Group 2. If it’s “a, u, o” (Nobo-ru, Tsukur-u), it’s Group 1!
๐ง Joy’s Mistake (ใใใใ้้ใ)
Scene: Joy adding ‘masu’ to ‘Yomu’ (Read).
Joy: ใใใ ใพใใ
(Yomumasu)
โ Wrong!
Why?
ใ่ชญใ (Yomu)ใใฏใฐใซใผใ1ใงใใใuใใใiใใซๅค(ใ)ใใฆใใ ใใใใ่ชญใฟใพใ (Yomimasu)ใใๆญฃ่งฃ(ใใใใ)๏ผ
Yomu is Group 1. You must shift the ‘u’ sound to ‘i’. Yomu โ Yomi-masu.
๐ฅ Layer C: Practice Loop
Now itโs time to test your learning through the next 10 practice drills!
Level 1: Basic (Identify the Group)
Q1. Tabe-ru (Eat) – ends in ‘e-ru’
(Tabe-masu)
Q2. Nom-u (Drink) – ends in ‘mu’
(Nom-i-masu)
Q3. Mi-ru (Watch) – ends in ‘i-ru’
(Mi-masu)
Q4. Ik-u (Go) – ends in ‘ku’
(Ik-i-masu)
Q5. Suru (Do) – Special!
(Shimasu)
Level 2: Advanced (Conjugate to Masu)
Q6. Kaku (Write) โ ?
(Group 1: ku โ ki)
Q7. Okiru (Wake up) โ ?
(Group 2: Drop ‘ru’, add ‘masu’)
Q8. Hanasu (Speak) โ ?
(Group 1: su โ shi)
Q9. Kuru (Come) โ ?
(Group 3: Irregular)
Q10. Kaeru (Return) – [Exception Alert!] โ ?
(Exception: Looks like Group 2, but it is Group 1. Kaeru โ Kaerimasu)
