Usage Explanation ①: 出す (dasu) – “To take out” or “To put out” (Transitive)

Let’s start with the easier one: 出す (dasu). This is a **transitive verb (他動詞 – tadoushi)**.

A transitive verb means the subject (a person) does an action *to* an object. You “make” something go out. The key particle is を (o) to mark the object.

The pattern is: [Person] が [Thing] を 出す。

Example 1: (To take out)

私（わたし）は、ゴミを 出す。(Watashi wa, gomi o dasu.)

I take out the trash.

Example 2: (To send)

手紙（てがみ）を 出しました。(Tegami o dashimashita.)

I sent the letter. (I “put it out” into the mail.)

Example 3: (To turn in)

明日（あした）、宿題（しゅくだい）を 出してください。(Ashita, shukudai o dashite kudasai.)

Please turn in your homework tomorrow.

Usage Explanation ②: 出る (deru) – “To go out” or “To appear” (Intransitive)

Now for the tricky one: 出る (deru). This is an **intransitive verb (自動詞 – jidoushi)**.

An intransitive verb means the subject moves *by itself*. This verb has two main patterns.

Pattern 1: “To leave” or “Go out” (Uses ‘を’)

This is the special rule. When 出る (deru) means “to leave a place,” it uses the particle を (o) to mark the “point of departure” (the place you leave *from*).

The pattern is: [Person] が [Place] を 出る。

Example 1:

私（わたし）は、部屋（へや）を 出る。(Watashi wa, heya o deru.)

I leave the room.

Example 2:

毎朝（まいあさ）、8時（じ）に家（いえ）を 出ます。(Maiasa, 8-ji ni ie o demasu.)

I leave the house at 8:00 every morning.

Pattern 2: “To appear” or “Come out” (Uses ‘が’)

When 出る (deru) means something “appears” or “comes out” by itself, it uses the normal intransitive particle が (ga).

The pattern is: [Thing] が 出る。

Example 1:

月（つき）が 出た。(Tsuki ga deta.)

The moon came out.

Example 2:

熱（ねつ）が 出ました。(Netsu ga demashita.)

I got a fever. (A fever “came out”.)

Example 3:

このボタンを押（お）すと、水（みず）が 出ます。(Kono botan o osu to, mizu ga demasu.)

If you press this button, water will come out.

Comparison: 出る (deru) vs 出す (dasu)

Let’s compare the key patterns.

Common Mistake Examples

Mistake 1: Trying to say “I take out the trash.”

Wrong:

ゴミが 出ます。(Gomi ga demasu.)

Correct:

ゴミを 出します。(Gomi o dashimasu.)

Why?

The “wrong” sentence means “Trash comes out” (e.g., trash is appearing from a hole). You (a person) are doing the action *to* the trash (the object). You must use the transitive verb 出す (dasu).

Mistake 2: Trying to say “I leave the room.”

Wrong:

部屋（へや）が 出ます。(Heya ga demasu.)

Correct:

部屋（へや）を 出ます。(Heya o demasu.)

Why?

The “wrong” sentence means “The room comes out” or “The room appears.” This is impossible! *You* are the subject leaving *from* the room. You must use the intransitive verb 出る (deru) with the special “point of departure” particle を (o).

Practice Quiz

Let’s check your understanding! Choose the correct word for ( ).

Q1.

毎朝（まいあさ）、8時（じ）に家（いえ） ( )。

Every morning, I ( ) the house at 8:00.

1. を 出ます (o demasu)
2. を 出します (o dashimasu)

Q2.

このボタンを押（お）すと、水（みず） ( )。

If you press this button, water ( ).

1. を 出します (o dashimasu)
2. が 出ます (ga demasu)

Q3.

先生（せんせい）に、レポート ( )。

I ( ) the report to the teacher.

1. が 出ました (ga demashita)
2. を 出しました (o dashimashita)

Summary: Key Differences

This pair is tricky, but you can master it! Remember these two key points.

1. 出す (dasu) is a simple transitive verb. You (subject) move an object.

   Example: ゴミを 出す。(I take out the trash.)

2. 出る (deru) is an intransitive verb. The subject moves itself. It has two particle patterns:
   • Use を (o) for the “place you leave.”

     Example: 部屋（へや）を 出る。(I leave the room.)

   • Use が (ga) for “something appears.”

     Example: 月（つき）が 出る。(The moon comes out.)

Understanding the two uses of 出る (deru) is the key to success!

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: Why does 出る (deru) use the particle ‘を’ (o)? Isn’t it intransitive?

A1: Yes, you are right! 出る (deru) is an intransitive verb, but this is a special rule. For “leave” or “go out,” the particle を (o) does not mark an object. It marks the “point of departure” or the space you move *through*. Think of it as “I leave *from* the room.” (部屋を出る).

Q2: What’s the difference between 部屋を出る (heya o deru) and 部屋から出る (heya kara deru)?

A2: They are very similar, and both are correct. 部屋を出る (heya o deru) is a common set phrase for “leaving the room.” 部屋から出る (heya kara deru) uses “kara” to mean “from,” which more strongly emphasizes the starting point. For “leaving the house,” 家を出る (ie o deru) is the most natural.

Q3: What is the opposite of 出る (deru) and 出す (dasu)?

A3: The opposite pair is 入る (hairu) and 入れる (ireru).

• 出る (deru) (to go out) is the opposite of 入る (hairu) (to go in).
• 出す (dasu) (to take out) is the opposite of 入れる (ireru) (to put in).

Related Articles

• The Difference Between 「入る (hairu)」 and 「入れる (ireru)」 (The “Go In” Pair)
• Particle 「を」 (o) vs. 「が」 (ga): The Complete Guide