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Japanese Learning TIPS

The Difference Between として (toshite) vs にして (nishite) |Japanese Grammar (N5–N3)

  • 14 Dec, 2025
  • Com 0
Joy acting as a representative vs Joy having dual rolesJoy acting as a representative [To shite] vs. Joy having dual roles [Ni shite]

“I work as a teacher.” vs “He is a teacher and also a writer.”
In Japanese, 〜として (To shite) and 〜にして (Ni shite) look similar, but their meanings are quite different. Let’s learn how to use them to describe roles and special conditions!

🗣 Conversation Scene

Joy is introducing a famous person to Ken.

Joy
この人は、医者(いしゃ)として 働(はたら)いています。
(This person works “as” a doctor.)
Ken
知(し)っています!彼は医者 にして 歌手(かしゅ)でもありますよね。
(I know! He is a doctor “and also” a singer, right?)

💡 Explanation

Both attach to Nouns.

Point 1: 〜として (To shite) = As / In the capacity of

Use this to define a Role, Position, or Category. It states “from the standpoint of X.”

  • 留学生(りゅうがくせい)として 日本(にほん)に来(き)ました。
    (I came to Japan as an international student.)
  • 趣味(しゅみ)として ピアノを 弾(ひ)きます。
    (I play the piano as a hobby.)

Point 2: 〜にして (Ni shite) = And also / At (Level)

This is a more literary or emphatic expression (N3/N2). It has two main nuances:

  1. Dual Role: “He is A, and at the same time B.”
  2. Emphasizing a Stage: “Only at (this level/time)…”
  • 彼は 社長(しゃちょう)にして 天才(てんさい)エンジニアです。
    (He is a company president AND a genius engineer.)
  • この問題(もんだい)は、先生(せんせい)にして 間違(まちが)えました。
    (Even the teacher [at the level of a teacher] made a mistake on this problem.)

📊 Comparison

Expression Meaning Nuance
〜として (To shite) As (a role) Standard, Defining Position
〜にして (Ni shite) 1. And also
2. Even at/Only at
Emphatic, Multiple identities, Literary

🚧 Joy’s Mistake

❌ Wrong: 私は 学生(がくせい)にして 勉強(べんきょう)します。
(This sounds unnatural. If you just mean “I study in the role of a student”, use “To shite”.)

✅ Right: 私は 学生(がくせい)として 勉強(べんきょう)します。
(I study as a student.)

🔥 Practice Quiz

Tap to check the answer!

Q1. He participated in the meeting as a representative.
(Kare wa daihyou ______ kaigi ni sanka shimashita.)
Answer: to shite (として)
It indicates his role/position.
Q2. She is a mother and also a company president.
(Kanojo wa haha ______ shachou desu.)
Answer: ni shite (にして)
Emphasizing dual roles (Mother AND President).
Q3. English is used as a global language.
(Eigo wa sekai no kotoba ______ tsukawarete imasu.)
Answer: to shite (として)
Indicates the category or function of English.
Keep practicing with JPLT!

 

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